DNA evidence constitutes opinion evidence as contemplated under Section 45 of the Indian Evidence Act, and like any other opinion evidence, its probative value varies from case to case. The courts must evaluate DNA evidence with appropriate scrutiny while considering its scientific foundation and procedural compliance.
DNA evidence must be properly documented, collected, packaged, and preserved to meet legal and scientific requirements for court admissibility. Contamination risks require heightened attention.
DNA evidence, while scientifically advanced and potentially conclusive, requires strict adherence to collection protocols, chain of custody procedures, and quality control standards. Courts must scrutinize both the scientific methodology employed and the procedural compliance achieved before according probative value to such evidence in criminal proceedings.
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