Friday, 29 May 2026

Supreme Court: Under which circumstances the court can release accused on bail even after commencement of trial?

 It's been almost nine years that the petitioner is in judicial

custody as an under-trial prisoner. {Para 7}

8. What is most disappointing is what has been observed by the

High Court in Para 8.

9. Para 8 reads thus:

“The Supreme Court in case of X vs. State of Rajasthan & Anr., 2024 INSC 909 has held that once the trial has commenced, it should be allowed to reach to its final conclusion, which may either result in conviction or acquittal of the accused. The bail should not be normally granted to the accused after the charge has been framed. It should also not be granted by looking into the discrepancies here or there in the deposition.”

10. It appears that the High Court has not been able to understand

the true purport and ratio of the decision of this Court, referred

to, in para 8. All that the High Court ought to have considered is

the fact that the petitioner is languishing in jail as an undertrial

prisoner past nine years. What more was required for the High

Court to consider the plea of the petitioner for bail, keeping his

right of speedy trial in mind as enshrined under Article 21 of the

Constitution.

S U P R E M E C O U R T O F I N D I A

RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS

Petition for Special Leave to Appeal (Crl.) No.7416/2026

VAIBHAV SINGH  Vs  STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH 

(IA No. 125028/2026 - EXEMPTION FROM FILING O.T.)

Date : 29-04-2026 This matter was called on for hearing today.

CORAM :

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE J.B. PARDIWALA

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE UJJAL BHUYAN


UPON hearing the counsel the Court made the following

O R D E R

1. Exemption Application is allowed.

2. A very shocking matter with a very disappointing impugned

order has come up before us early in the morning today.

3. The petitioner has been denied regular bail by the High Court

of Judicature at Allahabad in connection with Case Crime No.116 of

2017 registered with Police Station Cantt., District Gorakhpur,

State of Uttar Pradent for the offence punishable under Sections

147, 148, 149, 120-B, and 302 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (for

short “IPC”) respectively.

4. Upon completion of the investigation, charge sheet came to be

filed.

5. With the committal of the case to the Court of Sessions, the

same culminated in Sessions Case No.331 of 2017 pending as on date in the Court of Special Judge, E.C. Act.

6. We take notice of the fact that the petitioner was arrested in

connection with the alleged crime on 7th March, 2017.

7. It's been almost nine years that the petitioner is in judicial

custody as an under-trial prisoner.

8. What is most disappointing is what has been observed by the

High Court in Para 8.

9. Para 8 reads thus:

“The Supreme Court in case of X vs. State of Rajasthan & Anr., 2024 INSC 909 has held that once the trial has commenced, it should be allowed to reach to its final conclusion, which may either result in conviction or acquittal of the accused. The bail should not be normally granted to the accused after the charge has been framed. It should also not be granted by looking into the discrepancies here or there in the deposition.”

10. It appears that the High Court has not been able to understand

the true purport and ratio of the decision of this Court, referred

to, in para 8. All that the High Court ought to have considered is

the fact that the petitioner is languishing in jail as an undertrial

prisoner past nine years. What more was required for the High

Court to consider the plea of the petitioner for bail, keeping his

right of speedy trial in mind as enshrined under Article 21 of the

Constitution.

11. We believe we should not wait even for the State to appear.

This is a gross case wherein the fundamental right of the

petitioner to have a speedy trial as enshrined under Article 21 of

the Constitution could be said to have been infringed.

12. In many of our Judgments and on many occasions, we have said

in so many words that howsoever grave the crime may be, but if

the accused is denied his right of speedy trial and is languishing

in jail for years together and for no fault on his part, he cannot

be kept in jail for indefinite period.

13. In view of the aforesaid, we order that the petitioner be

released on bail forthwith, if not required in any other case,

subject to terms and conditions that the trial court may deem fit

to impose.

14. With the aforesaid, the Special Leave Petition stands disposed

of.

15. Pending applications, if any, also stand disposed of.


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