Money laundering is a serious offence that involves disguising the origins of illegally obtained money to make it appear legitimate. Central to the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002, is the concept of criminal activity, which forms the foundation for prosecuting money laundering offences. But what exactly constitutes criminal activity under the PMLA? This article explores the meaning of criminal activity under the Act, its connection with predicate offences, and the implications for money laundering cases.