Friday 28 September 2012

kotwal who followed direction of talathi for accepting money can not be held guity under prevention of Corruption Act


KESHAV MOHANJI SAKHALE V STATE OF MAHARASHTRA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE OF BOMBAY,
BENCH AT AURANGABAD
CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 291 OF 2000
Citation;2009ALL M R(CRI)2681dated 18th august 2009
1. Challenge   in   this   appeal   is   to   the   judgement
rendered   by   learned   Special   Judge   in   Special   Case   No.
11/1995 whereby the appellants have been convicted for
offences punishable under section 7 and 13 (2) read with( 2 )
section 13 (1) (d) and section 12 read with section 7 of
the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (for short, “the
PC   Act”).     The   appellant   No.   1   has   been   sentenced   to
suffer   rigorous   imprisonment   for   two   (2)   years   and   to
pay   fine   of   Rs.   500/­,   in   default   to   suffer   rigorous
imprisonment for six (6) months for offence punishable
under section 13 (1) (d) read with section 13 (2) of the

PC   Act   and   further   sentenced   to   suffer   rigorous
imprisonment   for   one   (1)   year   and   to   pay   fine   of   Rs.
200/­,   in   default   to   suffer   rigorous   imprisonment   for
three (3) months for offence punishable under section 7
of   the   PC   Act.     The   appellant   No.   2   is   sentenced   to
suffer rigorous imprisonment for one (1) year and to pay
fine   of   Rs.   100/­,   in   default   to   suffer   rigorous
imprisonment for two (2) months for offence punishable
under section 12 read with section 7 of the PC Act.
2. Indisputably, the appellant No. 1 was working
as   a   public   servant   being   village   Talathi   for   Sajja
Shelud and the appellant No. 2 was also a public servant
being the village Kotwal.   Complainant PW Magan Bochre( 3 )
is   inhabitant   of   village   Chartha   which   comes   within
revenue jurisdiction of Sajja Shelud.  He had purchased
certain agricultural lands out of lands bearing Gat Nos.
39,   44   and   96   situated   in   his   village.     He   had
approached the appellant No. 1 for recording of names of
himself and his relatives as per the sale­deeds.
3. The   prosecution   case,   stated   briefly,   is   that
the   appellant   No.   1   demanded   Rs.   500/­   each   for
effecting mutations in the 7/12 record on basis of the
five (5) sale­deeds under which the purchases were made
by   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre   and   his   relatives.   The
total amount of Rs. 2500/­ thus was demanded for doing
the   official   act   of   the   five   (5)   proposed   mutation
entries.  Reluctantly, complainant PW Magan Bochare paid
Rs. 500/­ to the appellant No. 1 on 24
th
 May, 1995.  The
appellant No. 1 told him to pay the balance amount of
Rs.   2000/­   and   further   informed   him   that   unless   such
amount   was   paid,   the   contemplated   work   would   not   be
done.   Complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre,   however,   met   the
appellant No. 1 on 31
st
 May, 1995 and urged to record the
mutation entries as per the sale­deeds.   The appellant( 4 )
No.   1   refused   to   do   the   work   without   receipt   of   the
demanded amount. Since complainant PW Magan Bochre did
not want to pay the demanded bribe amount, ultimately,
on   6
th
  June,   1995,   he   went   to   office   of   the   Anti
Corruption   Bureau   (ACB),   Aurangabad.   He   narrated   the
nature of demand made by the appellant No. 1 to Dy.S.P.
(ACB) – PW Shri Khekale. His oral complaint was reduced
into writing. The Dy.S.P. requisitioned presence of two
(2)   employees   of   the   Government   Milk   Dairy   as   panch
witnesses.   They   were   informed   about   details   of   the
complaint   lodged   by   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre.
Thereafter, 20 currency notes of Rs. 100/­ denomination
each were produced by complainant PW Magan Bochre. The
currency notes were smeared with anthracene powder.  He
and   the   panch   witnesses   were   explained   the   purport   of
using the anthracene powder. The Dy.S.P. instructed them
about the steps to be taken during course of the trap
which was planned to be laid.  A pre­trap panchanama was
drawn   in   the   office   of   the   A.C.B.     The   Dy.   S.P.,
complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre,   both   the   panchas   and   the
other members of the police staff proceeded to village
Lad­Sawangi in a police jeep. The office of the village( 5 )
Talathi   was   then   at   village   Lad­Sawangi.     The   jeep
vehicle was parked at some distance.   As instructed to
them,   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre   and   shadow   panch   by
name Shri Baraskar went to the office of the Talathi on
foot. The appellant No. 1 was present in his office.  He
made   inquiry   about   the   shadow   panch   and   after   some
formal talk, the appellant went outside the office where
the   complainant   –   PW   Magan   Bochre   was   standing.     The
appellant   No.   1   inquired   whether   he   had   brought   the
money.   Then,   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre   gave
affirmative   reply.     The   appellant   No.   1   demanded   the
money from him. Thereupon, complainant PW Magan Bochre
took   out   the   bundle   of   tainted   currency   notes.   The
appellant No.1 instructed the appellant No. 2 to receive
the money from him. The appellant No. 2 thereafter took
the tainted currency notes from him and placed the same
in  the  left side  pocket of  his  trouser.    Immediately,
complainant PW Magan Bochre signaled the members of the
raiding   party.   The   Dy.S.P.   ­   Shri   Khekale   and   other
members   of   the   raiding   party   rushed   to   the   spot.     On
inquiry, the shadow panch – PW Shri Baraskar told them
about   acceptance   of   the   tainted   currency   notes   by   the( 6 )
appellant No. 2.  Both the hands of the appellant No. 2
were firmly held. The fingers of his hands were found to
bear bluish shining when examined under the ultra violet
lamp.   The   tainted   currency   notes   were   removed   from
pocket of the trouser of the appellant No. 2.   A post­
trap   panchanama   was   drawn.   The   tainted   currency   notes
were seized after following due procedure.  On basis of
F.I.R.   lodged   by   Dy.S.P.   Shri   Khekale,   crime   No.
II­6/1995 was registered against the appellants.   House
of   the   appellant   No.   1   was   searched.     Copies   of   the
three (3) sale­deeds and original notice in Form No. 4
were recovered from his residential premises.  On basis
of   material   collected   during   course   of   investigation,
both the appellants were chargesheeted for the offences
under the relevant provisions of the PC Act.
4. The   appellants   denied   truth   into   the
accusations   shown   under   the   charge   (Exh­11).   Their
defence was that the amount was required to be collected
for   puchasing   of   saving   certificates   in   pursuance   to
directions   of   the   Commissioner   and   Collector   (Revenue)
to   enhance   the   small   savings.   According   to   them,   the( 7 )
appellant   No.   1   was   given   target   to   collect   small
savings.     In   order   to   accomplish   such   target,   he
instructed   the   complainant   –   PW   Magan   Bochre   to   bring
the amount for purchasing of small saving certificates
from   the   post   office.   It   was   pleaded   that   he   had
directed   the   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre   to   accompany
the appellant No. 2 to the post office and the amount
was given to the appellant No. 2 for purchasing of such
saving certificates from the post office.
5. At   the   trial,   the   prosecution   examined   the
complainant and other  witnesses in support of its case.
The prosecution also relied upon various documents. The
learned Special Judge held that both the appellants were
guilty of the charges levelled against them. They were
accordingly   convicted   and   sentenced   as   described
hereinabove.
6. Heard   learned   counsel   for   the   appellants   and
learned A.P.P.
7. Clinching   question   is   whether   the   prosecution( 8 )
has established the initial demand of the appellant No.
1 for Rs. 2500/­ being illegal gratification to do the
official work of effecting mutation entries in pursuance
to   the   five   (5)   sale­deeds   under   which   the   five   (5)
parcels   of   the   lands   were   purchased   by   complainant   PW
Magan Bochre and his relatives and that on the relevant
day,   an   amount   of   Rs.   2000/­   was   accepted   by   the
appellants in pursuance to such demand. There cannot be
two   opinion   about   the   fact   that   the   demand   for   such
amount could not be made for doing the official act of
effecting   mutation   entries   in   pursuance   to   the   sale­
deeds as requested for by complainant PW Magan Bochre.
Smt.   S.S.   Jadhav   would   submit   that   in   absence   of   any
written application of complainant PW Magan Bochre, it
could   not   be   said   that   he   had   sought   mutations   in
pursuance to the said five (5) sale­deeds. The learned
advocate points out that recitals of the F.I.R. purport
to show that complainant PW Magan Bochre had made oral
request to the appellant No. 1 to carry out the work of
mutation.     It   is   argued   that   in   the   absence   of   any
written application, the appellant No. 1 was not under
legal  obligation  to effect  the  mutations.    It  is  also( 9 )
pointed   out   that   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre   had
furnished only three (3) copies of the sale­deeds to the
appellant No. 1 and the same were lateron recovered from
his   house   under   a   panchanama.     The   learned   advocate
would   submit   that   the   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre   had
not complied with the requirements though was demanding
for   the   mutations   in   the   revenue   record.     I   find   it
difficult to countenance the argument.   The provisions
of sections 149 and 150 of the Maharashtra Land Revenue
Code would make it amply clear that written application
of   concerned   party   is   not   necessary   for   effecting
mutation entries in the revenue record.
8. Coming to the version of complainant PW1 Magan
Bochre,   it   is   explicit   that   he   had   requested   the
appellant No. 1 to take mutation entries on basis of the
five   (5)   sale­deeds   pertaining   to   the   purchase
transactions   in   his   name   and   also   in   names   of   his
relatives like wife and son, etc.   His version reveals
that  the  appellant  No.  1  demanded  amount  of Rs. 500/­
for   each   of   such   mutation   entry   as   reward   or
consideration   for   the   official   work   to   be   done.   The( 10 )
version of PW Magan Bochre reveals that after the first
demand   when   the   accused   flatly   told   him   that   the
mutation   entries   would   not   be   taken   unless   the   amount
was paid to him, after about a fortnight, he paid Rs.
500/­   to   the   appellant   No.   1   and   urged   to   record   the
mutation   entries.     He   received   same   reply.     He   again
approached the appellant No. 1 after eight (8) days and
requested to carry out the work of mutation.  This time
too,   the   appellant   No.   1   told   him   that   unless   the
balance   amount   was   paid   to   him,   the   work   will   not   be
done.  He then told PW Magan Bochre to bring Rs. 2000/­
on the ensuing Wednesday. The version of PW Magan Bochre
reveals   that   he   thereafter   approached   the   Dy.S.P.   of
A.C.B.,   Aurangabad   and   narrated   complaint   which   was
reduced into  writing  vide  Exh­16.    He  gave  details  of
further course of action taken by the Dy.S.P. of A.C.B.
9. The   version   of   PW   Magan   Bochre   is   duly
corroborated   by   independent   shadow   panch   witness,
namely,   PW2   Baraskar.   The   oral   evidence   of   both   these
witnesses go to show that on 7
th
 June, 1995, the tainted
currency notes were given to the complainant – PW Magain( 11 )
Bochre   after   preparing   a   pre­trap   panchanama.     Their
versions go to show that when they reached the office of
the   appellant   No.   1,   initially,   there   was   exchange   of
salutation.   It is pertinent to note that the versions
of both the witnesses would show that the appellant No.
1   asked   PW   Magan   Bochre   whether   he   had   brought   the
money.     Their   versions   also   go   to   show   that   the
appellant No. 1 inquired about the shadow panch i.e. PW
Baraskar. This   conduct of the appellant No. 1 reveals
his   guilty   mind.     It   is   obvious   that   he   wanted   to
ascertain   whether   the   presence   of   PW2   Baraskar   was
conducive   to   the   act   of   receiving   the   money.   The
versions   of   both   these   witnesses   would   show   that   when
the complainant – PW Magan Bochre gave affirmative reply
about   his   having   brought   the   money,   and   showed   the
tainted currency notes to the appellant No. 1, he called
the appellant No. 2 and asked him to take the amount.
If   the   appellant   No.   1   had   no   guilty   mind   then   he
himself   would   have   accepted   the   money   and   would   have
told the complainant – PW Magan Bochre that the saving
certificates  will  have  to  be  procured  by  him.    Though
defence of the appellant No. 1 was that the amount was( 12 )
directed   to   be   paid   to   the   appellant   No.   2   for
purchasing   the   saving   certificates   after   accompanying
complainant PW Magan Bochre, yet, there was no such oral
direction   to   the   appellant   No.   2   in   presence   of   the
shadow panch.  It is significant to note that there was
no immediate explanation offered by the appellant No. 1
during   the   course   of   the   post­trap   panchanama   in   the
context of his acceptance of the money for the purpose
of purchasing saving certificates.  He  produced two (2)
certificates issued by the higher officer regarding the
good   work   done   by   him   in   the   collection   of   small
savings. It is pertinent to note that there is nothing
on record to show that he was then given any particular
target as such.  Nor such immediate reason was available
when   ordinarily,   there   is   need   to   accomplish   such
targets   by   end   of   the   financial   year   i.e.   by   end   of
March.     It   was   in   initial   period   of   June   that   the
incident occurred.  
10. The   learned   counsel   for   the   appellants   would
submit that version of PW Magan Bochre is unacceptable
because   his   position   could   be   regarded   as   that   of   an( 13 )
accomplice. The law requires scrutiny of the evidence of
such complainant with care and caution.  One can not be
oblivious of the fact that PW Shri Baraskar was employed
in   Government   Milk   Dairy   at   Aurangabad.     He   had
absolutely no interest in the cause of the complainant –
PW   Magan   Bochre   nor   had   any   animosity   with   the
appellants.  He is an independent witness.  His version
does   not   suffer   from   any   major   deficiency.     There
appears no substantial reason to dislodge his version.
11. The testimony of PW Shri Baraskar reveals that
Dy.S.P.   (ACB)   Shri   Khekale   had   taken   names   of   2/3
persons sitting in  the  office  of  the  appellant  No.  1.
Their   names   are   mentioned   in   the   post­trap   panchanama
(Exh­19).     It   is   pointed   out   by   the   counsel   for   the
appellants that neither of such independent person was
examined.      It  cannot  be  overlooked that  though there
were 3/4 persons sitting in the office of the appellant
No.1,   yet,   the   appellant   No.   1   had   come   out   of   the
office when he inquired with PW Magan Bochre whether the
demanded   amount   was   brought.   So,   the   said   persons
sitting inside the office were not the witnesses to such( 14 )
conversation about the demanded amount and giving of the
money.     The   non­examination   of   said   persons   cannot   be
regarded   as   fatal   to   the   prosecution   case.   The
appellants   did   not   examine   either   of   such   witness   in
order to rebut the prosecution case.
12. Though defence of the appellant No. 1 was that
he   was   required   to   collect   the   same   amount,   for   the
purpose   of   small   saving   scheme,   yet,   version   of   PW4
Sudhakar reveals that the appellant No. 1 had no power
to act as small saving agent.   He admits that that the
targets   of   small   savings   are   required   to   be   given   to
talathis.  He admits that talathis would request farmers
for depositing small savings. This admission by itself
does not inure to the benefit of the appellants.  At the
most,   it   would   show   that   the   targets   are   given   to
talathis   for   collection   of   small   savings   and   they
ordinarily   ask   the   farmers   to   purchase   small   saving
certificates.     The   appellant   No.   1   could   have   asked
complainant PW Magan Bochre to produce the small saving
certificates and thereafter to show them to him at the
relevant   time   before   the   mutation   entries   were( 15 )
finalized.   No such course of action was taken by the
appellant No. 1.   Needless to say, the defence of the
appellant   No.   1   is   quite   afterthought.     He   has   not
discharged   the   burden   to   prove   such   a   defence.     The
testimony   of   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre   coupled   with
the testimony of PW5 Sonaji Bochre go to show that the
earlier demand made by the appellant No. 1 on 24­05­1995
is also proved.   At the time of such demand, PW Sonaji
accompanied   the   complainant   when   the   latter   approached
the   appellant   No.   1.     His   version   reveals   that   the
complainant   –   PW   Magain   Bochre   gave   Rs.   500/­   to   the
appellant  No.  1 on  that day.  His  version  also  reveals
that   the   appellant   No.   1   inquired   as   to   when   the
remaining amount would be paid and thereupon, PW Magan
Bochre told him that it would be paid on next Wednesday.
Nothing   of   much   significance   was   elicited   from   from
cross­examination   of   PW   Sonaji.     He   had   no   discussion
with PW Magan Bochre to initiate case of anti corruption
against the appellant No. 1.
13. From   version   of   PW6   Shri   Arun   Shinde,   it   is
amply   clear   that   he   received   the   forwarding   letter( 16 )
(Exh­35) of the Dy.S.P. (ACB).  He also received list of
documents and the relevant documents alongwith the said
letter.     His   version   reveals   that   he   perused   the
relevant papers and after satisfaction that it was a fit
case   in   which   sanction   for   the   prosecution   could   be
granted,   he   accorded   the   sanction   vide   Exh­36.     His
version   reveals   that   note­sheet   was   put   before   him   by
the concerned clerical staff member on 13­11­1995.   He
approved the proposal  on 15­11­1995.  He states that on
24­11­1995, the sanction  order  was  drawn  by him.   His
version reveals that  he did not call  for  the  original
record from the office of the A.C.B. and did not peruse
the 7/12 extracts.  It is duly proved that the sanction
order   (Exh­36)   has   been   issued   by   the   competent
authority after due application of his mind to the fact
situation.   There   is   no   legal   defect   in   the   sanction
order.
14. The version of PW7 Dy.S.P. Shri Khekale lends
corroboration to the case of the prosecution regarding
the demand and payment of the illegal gratification. The
Dy.S.P. (ACB) lodged a detailed FIR (Exh­39) after the( 17 )
post­trap   panchanama.     His   version   reveals   that   the
tainted   currency   notes   of   Rs.   2000/­   were   seized   from
possession   of   the   appellant   No.   2   –   Fakirchand.   As
stated before, the post­trap panchanama as well as the
FIR   (Exh­39)   do   not   show   that   the   appellant   No.   1
immediately explained his defence of acceptance of the
amount towards small savings contribution.   Nor it was
suggested   to   PW   Dy.S.P.   Ramesh   Khekale   that   the
appellant   No.   1   disclosed   to   him   that   the   amount   was
directed   to   be   utilized   for   purchases   of   the   small
saving certificates.   His version reveals that two (2)
mutation   entries   bearing   mutation   entry   No.   167   and
mutation entry No. 168 were sanctioned and the relevant
7/12   extracts   (Exh­42)   were   recovered   from   residential
premises   of   the   appellant   No.   1   under   a   seizure
panchanama.   The   prosecution   has   duly   proved   that   the
appellant No. 1 did only a part of the work of recording
such   mutations   and   assured   the   complainant   –   PW   Magan
Bochre   to   do   the   work   only   on   receipt   of   the   entire
amount as per his demand. The evidence on record reveals
that the appellant No. 2 Fakirchand was directed by the
appellant  No.  1 to  receive  the  amount.    The appellant( 18 )
No. 2  accepted  the  said tainted currency  notes  at  the
relevant time.  The fingers of both his hands were found
to   bear   bluish   shining   when   examined   under   the
ultraviolet   lamp   during   course   of   the   post­trap
panchanama.     Thus,   it   can   be   safely   said   that   the
appellant   No.   1   demanded   amount   of   Rs.   2500/­   from
complainant PW Magan Bochre by way of consideration or
reward   to   do   the   official   work   i.e.   recording   of   the
mutation entries in respect of five (5) parcels of the
lands purchased under the sale­deeds.  It is duly proved
that the appellant No. 2 accepted the tainted currency
notes   at   the   instance   of   the   appellant   No.   1   on
07­06­1995.
15.   At   this   juncture,   the   legal   position   may
be noticed. The Apex Court in “State of Andhra Pradesh
v. M. Radha Krishna Murthy” (2009) 5 SCC 117, held that
reversal of conviction on the ground that part of demand
and acceptance was not proved by the prosecution, would
be improper.   The Apex Court held that dictum in “Hari
Dev Sharma v. State (Delhi Administration)” (1977) 3 SCC( 19 )
352, did not lay down any rule of universal application.
It   has   been   held   that   if   trap,   recovery   of   money   and
chemical   test   are   established   and   the   prosecution
version   relating   to   demand   and   acceptance   of   bribe
stands by itself, the conviction could be upheld.
16. In   “Hazarilal   v.   State   (Delhi
Administration)”   (AIR   1980   S.C.   873),   the   Apex   Court
observed as follows :  
“It is not necessary that the passing of money
should be proved by direct evidence.   It may
also be proved by circumstantial evidence. The
events   which   followed   in   quick   succession   in
the   present   case   lead   to   the   only   inference
that   the   money   was   obtained   by   the   accused
from PW3.   Under Section 114 of the Evidence
Act the Court may presume the existence of any
fact which it thinks likely to have happened,
regard   being   had   to   the   common   course   of
natural   events,   human   conduct   and   public   and
private   business,   in   their   relation   to   facts
of   the   particular   case.     One   of   the
illustrations   to   Section   114   of   the   Evidence
Act   is   that   the   Court   may   presume   that   a( 20 )
person   who   is   in   possession   of   the   stolen
goods   soon   after   the   theft,   is   either   the
thief   or   has   received   the   goods   knowing   them
to   be   stolen,   unless   he   can   account   for   his
possession.   So   too,   in   the   facts   and
circumstances   of   the   present   case   the   Court
may presume that the accused who took out the
currency notes from his pocket and flung them
across   the   wall   had   obtained   them   from   PW3,
who   a   few   minutes   earlier   was   shown   to   have
been   in   possession   of   the   notes.     Once   we
arrive   at   the   finding   that   the   accused   had
obtained   the   money   from   PW3,   the   presumption
under   Section   4   (1)   of   the   Prevention   of
Corruption   Act   is   immediately   attracted.   The
presumption is of course rebuttable but in the
present case there is no material to rebut the
presumption.     The   accused   was,   therefore,
rightly convicted by the Courts below.”  
That   was   a   case   in   which   a   police   constable   was
convicted   under   section   5   (2)   of   the   Prevention   of
Corruption Act, 1947, on the allegation that he demanded
and received Rs. 60/­ from Sri Ram, who was examined as
PW­3.     In   the   trial   court,   the   PW­3   resiled   from   his
previous   statement   and   was   declared   hostile   by   the( 21 )
prosecution.   The official witnesses including the PW­8
had   spoken   to   the   prosecution   version.   The   tainted
currency notes were recovered from pocket of the police
constable.  A contention was raised by the defence that
in   the   absence   of   direct   evidence   to   show   that   the
police   constable   demanded   or   accepted   bribe   money,   no
presumption   under   section   4   of   the   Prevention   of
Corruption   Act   of   1947   could   be   drawn   merely   on   the
strength   of   the   recovery   of   the   marked   currency   notes
from the said police constable.   It was in the context
of   such   fact   situation   that   the   Apex   Court   made   the
above observations.
17. In “M. Narsinga Rao v. State of Andhra Pradesh”
(AIR  2001  SC  318), three  Judges’  Bench of  the  Supreme
Court dealt with somewhat similar case. The Apex Court
held that presumption available under section 20 (1) of
the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. is “compulsory”
and not discretionary. So, where the prosecution proved
that   the   accused   received   gratification   from   the
complainant,   it   is   permissible   for   the   Court   to   draw( 22 )
legal   presumption   that   said   gratification   was   accepted
as reward for doing public duty.  In that case too, the
two material witnesses i.e. PW­1 and PW­2 including the
complainant   (PW­1)   had   turned   volte­face   in   the   trial
Court.   They denied having paid any bribe money to the
accused and also denied that he had demanded the bribe
amount.   Inspite of such hostility by those witnesses,
the Supreme Court held that legal presumption available
under   section   20   (1)   of   the   Prevention   of   Corruption
Act, 1988 could be raised in the circumstances and the
version of PW­7 DSP could be implicitly relied upon.
18. In “State of Maharashtra v. Narsingrao Gangaram
Pimple”   (1984   CRI.L.J.   4),   the   Apex   Court   held   that
where, in a trap case, the Judge magnified every minor
detail or omission to falsify or throw shadow of doubt
on   the   prosecution   evidence,   then   it   would   be   very
antithesis   of   a   correct   judicial   approach   to   the
evidence of witnesses.  It was held that if such a harsh
touch stone is prescribed to prove such a case it will
be difficult for the prosecution to establish any case( 23 )
at all.   The Apex Court, in “State of A.P. v. C. Uma
Maheshwara Rao and another” (AIR 2004 S.C. 2042), dealt
with legal presumption available under section 20 (1) of
the   Prevention   of   Corruption   Act,   1988.     It   has   been
observed   that   such   presumption   is   compulsory   when   the
factual background is available to reach conclusion that
the accused accepted the tainted currency notes.
19. It   may   be   noticed   that   there   is   absolutely
nothing on record to infer that the appellant No. 2 –
Fakirchand   was   aware   about   the   prior   demand   of   bribe
amount made by the appellant No. 1 to the complainant.
Nor   it   is   the   version   of   complainant   PW   Magan   Bochre
that the appellant No. 2 was made aware about the nature
of payment to be made. The evidence on record does not
show   that   the   appellant   No.   2   had   intervened   in   the
transaction for demand of illegal gratification at any
point   of   time   prior   to   the   date   of   the   payment   on
07­06­1995.     He   simply   received   the   amount   as   per
instructions of the appellant No. 1.   He being village
kotwal, it is but natural that he was supposed to act( 24 )
upon   instructions   of   the   talathi   or   other   village
officers.   Unless   there   is   some   material   on   record   to
infer that the appellant No. 2 shared common intention
with the appellant No.1, it is difficult to hold that he
also is guilty of the charge.   The learned counsel for
the appellants invited my attention to observations in
“Sadashiv Mahadeo Yavaluje & Gajanan Shripatrao Salokhe
v. The State of Maharashtra” (AIR 1990 S.C. 287).  It is
observed   by   the   Apex   Court   that   when   there   was   no
evidence at all against the accused No. 1 in that case,
the   conviction   could   not   be   sustained.     It   has   been
further   observed   that   as   regards   the   accused   No.2,
merely  because  he  was  entrusted with  some  money to  be
passed on to the respondent No.1, it could not be held
that he was guilty of any of the offences unless it is
established that he was a party to the arrangement and
the arrangement arrived at was that the money would be
handed over to the accused No. 2 to be given over to the
accused No.1.  Herein, it is conspicuous that there was
no prior arrangement between the appellant No.1 and the
complainant to pay the amount to the appellant No.2 so( 25 )
that the same money would be passed on to the appellant
No.1.       What   emerges   from   the   record   is   that   at   last
moment, the appellant No. 1 entertained some suspicion
due to presence of PW Shri Baraskar and, therefore, he
directed   the   unwary   appellant   No.   2   –   Fakirchand   to
accept   the   amount.     The   latter   only   followed   the
instructions and did nothing more.  Hence, the appellant
No. 2 Fakirchand cannot be held guilty of any charge and
is erroneously convicted by the trial Court.
20. The   learned   counsel   for   the   appellants   also
invited my attention to the observations in “V. Venkata
Subbarao   v.   State   represented   by   Inspector   of   Police,
A.P.”   (2007   CRI.L.J.   754).     In   the   said   case,   it   has
been   held   that   presumption   under   section   20   of   the
Prevention   of   Corruption   Act   cannot   be   raised   when
demand by the accused has not been proved. Reliance is
also   sought   on   “T.   Subramanian   v.   The   State   of   Tamil
Nadu” (AIR 2006 S.C. 836).   The fact situation in the
given case is altogether different.   It was noticed by
the Apex Court that the complainant was inimical towards( 26 )
the   accused.     It   was   further   noticed   that   probable
explanation was given by the accused immediately after
the incident.   These circumstances gave rise to serious
doubt about the receipt of tainted currency notes by him
as   illegal   gratification.     In   the   present   case,   the
appellant   No.   1   did   not   immediately   offer   the
explanation   which   is   only   in   the   form   of   suggestions
given   to   the   witnesses   during   course   of   the   trial.
Under   these   circumstances,   both   the   above   referred
authorities   are   inapplicable   to   the   fact   situation   of
present case.  From the proved facts, it is established
that  the  appellant  No.  1  demanded  Rs.  2500/­  from  the
complainant as illegal gratification.  It is proved that
on   06­06­1995,   he   accepted   Rs.   2000/­   as   part   of   the
bribe amount from the complainant which was given to the
appellant No. 2 at his behest.   However, the appellant
No.2 may not be knowing that it was an amount of illegal
gratification.
21. For   the   reasons   aforestated,   I   have   no
hesitation in holding that the impugned judgement to the
extent of conviction of the appellant No. 1 – Keshav is( 27 )
quite legal and proper.  However, the impugned judgement
of   conviction   and   sentence   to   the   extent   of   the
appellant No. 2 – Fakirchand is erroneous and liable to
be   interfered   with.     He   deserves   acquittal   from   the
charge.
22. In   the   result,   the   appeal   is   partly   allowed.
The impugned judgement of conviction and sentence to the
extent   of   the   appellant   No.   2   –   Fakirchand   for   the
offence punishable under section 12 read with section 7
of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 is set aside.
He stands acquitted of the said charge. The bail bonds
of   the   appellant   No.   2   –   Fakirchand   be   deemed   as
cancelled.   The   fine   amount,   if   deposited   by   him,   be
refunded to him.  
The   appeal   is   dismissed   to   the   extent   of
conviction of appellant No. 1 – Keshav for the offence
punishable under section 13 (1) (d) read with section 13
(2) and under section 7 of the Prevention of Corruption
Act, 1988 and the impugned order of sentence awarded to
him   on   both   the   counts   is   confirmed.     He   shall
immediately surrender to the bail.  The learned Special( 28 )
Judge   to   ensure   that   the   appellant   No.   1   –   Keshav   is
made to undergo the remaining part of the sentence. The
learned   Special   Judge   to   submit   compliance   report   in
this behalf within four (4) weeks.
     [ V.R. KINGAONKAR ]
   JUDGE
NPJ/CRIAPL291­00
Print Page

No comments:

Post a Comment