Sunday, 18 May 2025

Bombay HC: What will be effect of delay in lodging of police report in motor accident claim petition?

 Again,   coming   to   the   point   regarding   delay

in lodging the FIR, it can be seen that the fact of

death   of   Ratnakar   was   informed   to   police   and

thereafter enquiry under Section 174 of the Code of

Criminal Procedure was conducted wherein the inquest

panchanama was carried out and then the dead body was

sent for post mortem.  Important point to be noted is

that when on that day i.e. on the day when inquest

panchanama  was prepared, there was an opportunity to

the  claimants  or  on  behalf   of  them,  FIR  could  have

been   lodged   against   unknown   vehicle.     Same   has   not

been  done.    Whatever   FIR  has   been  lodged   on  23­-04­-

2014,   is   also   against   unknown   person.     Therefore,

this   clear   delay   in   lodging   the   FIR   and   then   not

examining the police constable who had recorded the

statements   of   respondents   no.01   and   02   or   the

Investigation   Officer,   is   required   to   be   viewed

against the claimants.  {Para 13}

14. No   doubt,   Motor   Vehicles   Act,   1988,   is   a

beneficial   legislation;   but   then   liberal

interpretations   and   benefit   can   be   given   when   the

accident   is   proved.     When   accident   itself   is   not

proved, though the burden was on the claimants; then

question   of   liberal   interpretation   does   not   arise.

The   point   no.   I   is,   therefore,   answered   in   the

negative.

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY,

  AURANGABAD BENCH, AT AURANGABAD.    

First Appeal No. 0186 of 2019     

Kavita Ratnakar Ghodke, Vs   Sandip Sarjerao Jadhav,

 CORAM : SMT. VIBHA KANKANWADI, J.

  DATE  : 15TH JULY 2019.

ORAL ORDER :

01. Present   appeal   has   been   filed   by   the

original   claimants,   challenging   the   dismissal   of

their claim petition under Section 166 of the Motor

Vehicles   Act,   1988,   by   learned   Member   of   the   Motor

Accident   Claims   Tribunal,   Newasa,   District

Ahmednagar, in Motor Accident Claim Petition No. 22

of   2016,   on   27­04­2018.    [Parties   are   addressed   by

their nomenclature before the Tribunal.]

02. The claimants are the legal heirs i.e. widow

and children of Ratnakar Dattatraya Ghodke.  Ratnakar

was   52   years   old   industrial   worker   and   also   a

businessman   running   grocery   shop   having   income   from

all  sources  around   Rs.  15,000/­  per  month.    He   was

proceeding with claimant no.03 on 29­03­2014 on their

motorcycle   bearing   no.   MH­17/M­4726   to   village

Wakadi, Taluka Shrirampur, District Ahmednagar.  They

were proceeding from Pravara Sangam.   At that point,

another motorcycle came from back side, gave dash to

their motorcycle which the deceased was driving; as a

result of which, deceased as well as claimant no.03

fell down and became unconscious.   They were shifted

to   hospital   by   unknown   persons.     Deceased   was

seriously   injured   and,   therefore,   thereafter   he   was

referred   to   City   Care   Hospital,   Ahmednagar.

Ultimately,   he   succumbed   to   his   injuries   on   04­04­

2014.   It has been stated that the another vehicle,

which was involved in the accident, was belonging to

respondent no.02, bearing no. MH­17/AY­9996.   It was

driven by respondent no.01.  It is the contention of

the claimants, that due to the negligence on the part

of   respondent   no.01,   the   said   accident   had   taken

place.  The fact of death of deceased was reported to

police.   Respondent no.01 has been prosecuted.   The

said   vehicle   was   insured   with   respondent   no.03   and

therefore,   from   all   the   respondents,   the   claimants

have claimed compensation of Rs. 10,00,000/­ together

with interest jointly and severally. 

03. Respondents no.01 and 02 filed their common

written   statement   at   Exhibit   22,   whereas   respondent

no.03 filed its own written statement at Exhibit 23.

All of them have denied age, occupation and income of

the deceased.  They have clearly denied that any such

accident, as narrated in the petition, had ever taken

place.     The   allegation   in   respect   of   accident

occurred   due   to   the   rashness   and   negligence   on   the

part   of   respondent   no.01   has   been   denied

specifically.     Alternatively,   the   Insurance   Company

has taken statutory defences.  

04. Taking   into   consideration   the   rival

contentions,   issues   were   framed.     The   claimants   as

well   as   the   Insurance   Company   has   led   evidence.

Taking   into   consideration   the   evidence   as   well   as

proved documents on record, the learned Tribunal has

come to the conclusion that the claimants have proved

that Ratnakar died due to the accidental injuries in

the   accident   which   had   taken   place   at   about   04.30

p.m.   on   29­03­2014.     However,   the   learned   Tribunal

has held that the claimants have failed to prove that

the motorcycle driven by respondent no.01, owned by

respondent   no.02   and   insured   with   respondent   no.03,

was involved in the accident.  The claim petition has

been, therefore, dismissed.  Hence, the present first

appeal by the original claimants.  

05. Heard   learned   Advocate   Ms.   M.V.   Manal

appearing for the appellants.  Heard learned Advocate

Mr. K.D. Mote appearing for respondents no.01 and 02.

So   also,   heard   learned   Advocate   Mr.   V.N.   Upadhye

appearing for respondent no.03. 

06. Learned   Advocate   appearing   for   the

appellants   has   submitted   that   the   learned   Tribunal

has not considered the evidence on record properly.

Though it has been held that deceased Ratnakar died

due   to   accidental   injuries,   the   claim   petition   has

been   dismissed   on   the   ground   of   non­involvement   of

the   motor   vehicle   owned   by   respondent   no.02.

Claimant no.03 Ganesh has examined himself.   He was

also deceased with the deceased at the relevant time

and  had  received  injuries.    He  has   given   the  first

information report.  The fact is that he was only 22

years   old   at   the   relevant   time   and   the   fact   that

after the accident, he had also become unconscious.

He had not lodged the report immediately.   However,

after   death   of   Ratnakar,   when   the   FIR   has   been

lodged, further investigation has been carried out by

the   police.     Statement   of   respondent   no.01   was

recorded by police in which he has clearly admitted

that   he   had   given   dash   to   the   vehicle   driven   by

deceased.  He has admitted that he himself also fell

down from his vehicle and had received injuries.  The

injury   certificate   of   respondent   no.01   was   produced

on record, which clearly showed that he had received

those   injuries   in   road   traffic   accident.     He   was

examined on the same day of accident i.e. 29­03­2014.

This   was   the   connecting   evidence   to   hold   that

respondent no.01 had caused the said accident.   The

other police papers were also on record on the basis

of which learned Tribunal ought to have come to the

conclusion   that   the   motorcycle   belonging   to

respondent   no.02,   driven   by   respondent   no.01   and

insured   with   respondent   no.03,   was   involved   in   the

accident.     Under   those   circumstances,   taking   into

consideration   that   the   Motor   Vehicles   Act   is   a

beneficial   legislation,   the   petition   ought   to   have

been allowed. 

07. Per   contra,   learned   Advocates   representing

the   respondents   supported   the   reasons   given   by   the

learned Tribunal and submitted that ample opportunity

was available to the claimants to prove the accident

as they have narrated in the petition.  However, that

opportunity has not been utilized properly.   All the

papers were before the Tribunal and, therefore, the

Tribunal has come to correct conclusion based on the

documents which were before it.  

08. The fact is not disputed that Ratnakar died

on   04­0-4-­2014   due   to   accidental   injuries   caused   to

him   on   29-­03­-2014   at   about   04.30   p.m.   on   Pravara

Sangam   road.     The   point   in   dispute   was   the

involvement   of   motorcycle   bearing   no.   MH­17/AY­9996

owned   by   respondent   no.02,   insured   with   respondent

no.03.    It   was  contended  by  the  claimants  that   the

said   vehicle   was   driven   by   respondent   no.01   at   the

relevant time.   Therefore, taking into consideration

the scope of the first appeal, following points arise

for determination.  Findings and reasons for the same

are as follows :­

(I) Whether   the   claimants   have   proved   that

Ratnakar had received accidental injuries due to the

dash   given   by   motorcycle   bearing   no.   MH­17/AY9996 ?

(II)   Whether   the   claimants   were   entitled   to   get

compensation ?  If yes, what would be the quantum ?

09. Learned   Advocate   appearing   for   the

appellants   ­   claimants   has   relied   on   the   police

papers, especially the statement of respondent no.01

and the injury certificate of respondent no.01.   It

will   not   be   out   of   place   to   mention   here,   that   in

order   to   prove   injury   certificate   or   in   support   of

that   injury   certificate,   surprisingly   the   Insurance

Company   has   led   evidence   and   examined   the   Medical

Officer Dr. Vijay Gade from Rural Hospital, Newasa.

He has proved the contents of the injury certificate.

In   fact,   when   the   injury   certificate   was   the

certified copy issued by police, it could have been

directly read in evidence considering it as a public

document   for   a   limited   purpose   while   considering

motor accident claim petition.   Even if we consider

the contents of the injury certificate, at the most,

the   fact   which   can   be   revealed   is   that   respondent

no.01 was examined at about 06.00 p.m. on 29­03­2014

for   the   injuries   which   he   had   sustained   in   a   road

traffic accident.   Except this finding, there cannot

be any different finding based only on this document.

No   further   details   are   recorded   in   that   injury

certificate regarding the fact of accident.  Even the

said   witness   Dr.   Vijay   Gade   would   not   have   told

anything   else   than   the   contents   of   the   injury

certificate.  

10. In   order   to   prove   the   involvement   of   the

vehicle belonging to respondent no.02, the claimants

have examined claimant no.03 only.   His examination

in chief is nothing but replica of his petition.  But

in cross examination, he has admitted that his father

was  admitted   in  the  hospital  for   about   08  days   and

thereafter he expired and, therefore, there was delay

in   lodging   the   FIR.     Thus,   it   is   tried   to   be

extracted   from   him,   as   to   why   there   was   delay   in

lodging   the   FIR.     However,   the   fact   further   to   be

considered is, the accident had taken place on 29­-03­-

2014,   Ratnakar   expired   on   04­-04-­2014,   yet,   FIR   has

been lodged on 23­-04­-2014.  It cannot be stated that

this delay was only on the count, that the father had

received   injuries   and   then   expired.     Interestingly,

he   gives   statement   in   his   cross,   that   in   the

hospital, it was not disclosed that the injuries have

been sustained due to another motorcycle.   But then

he   has   denied   the   suggestion   that   as   the   vehicle

driven   by   his   father   slipped,   they   had   sustained

injuries.     In   cross   examination,   he   has   clearly

admitted that since he had received minor injuries,

he had no physical inability to give FIR and since in

the   police   papers   it   has   been   transpired   that   the

respondent no.01 was involved in the accident, he is

saying   so.     That   means,   when   as   per   his   own

contention, after the alleged dash, he as well as his

father fell down and became unconscious.   There was

no occasion for him to note down the number of the

vehicle.     To   a   limited   extent,   the   fact   can   be

considered that since in the accidents as they occur

in fraction of seconds, it is impossible to note down

the   number   of   the   vehicle.     But   then   subsequent

conduct of the parties is required to be considered

in order to assess the involvement of that vehicle.

The   FIR   was   lodged   in   this   case   on   23-­04­-2014   and

then his supplementary statement has been recorded on

07-­07-­2014.   In his supplementary statement, he has

stated   that   he   had   made   enquiry   with   Newasa   Rural

Hospital and came to know abut the injuries and MLC

case   papers   of   respondent   no.01,   that   he   had

sustained   injuries   in   accident   and,   therefore,   he

says that the said accident was caused by respondent

no.01.  

11. The claimants are also relying on statement

of   respondent   no.01   dated   10­07­2014   recorded   by

police.     The   said   statement   appears   to   be   part   of

charge­sheet   of   which   certified   copy   had   been

produced.     The   said   statement   has   been   taken   as

statement of the accused and therefore, for criminal

case,   it   may   not   be   admissible   in   evidence.     As

regards   civil   case   is   concerned,   no   doubt,   the

question   arises   as   to   whether   in   absence   of

examination   of   the   person   who   had   recorded   it,

whether it can be read in evidence, that too, without

deciding whether certified copy of such statement can

be   read   in   evidence.     It   appears   that   from   this

angle, submissions were not made before the Tribunal.

Even if for the sake of arguments, we take the said

statement   as   it   is,   in   which   it   was   stated   by

respondent   no.01,   that   due   to   the   dash   of   his

motorcycle   to   the   motorcycle   driven   by   deceased,

deceased   as   well   as   his   pillion   rider   fell   down;

statement   is   made   that   after   they   had   sustained

injuries,   he   immediately   asked   Ratnakar   and   Ganesh,

as to what is their name and then came to know about

their names and then he had called some other persons

and made arrangements for medical help.   That means,

he   intended  to   say  that  Ratnakar   as  well   as  Ganesh

were   conscious   when   he   made   enquiries   with   them.

This is contrary to what has been stated in the FIR.

In the FIR, it is stated that after they fell down

from the motorcycle after the dash, they had raised

hue and cry; however, motorcycle rider did not stop

and   fled   away.     Under   such   circumstance,   how   the

claimants can rely on his statement, is a question,

rather   it   gives   an   example   as   to   how   the   vehicle

belonging   to   respondent   no.02   has   been   involved   in

the case.   Ultimately, respondent no.01 says that he

will not be able to say how the accident took place

and   who   was   at   fault.     Therefore,   the   alleged

connection   between   the   medical   examination   of

respondent   no.01   and   the   accidental   injuries   caused

due   to   the   accident,   cannot   be   said   to   have   been

established   merely   by   producing   the   injury

certificate as well as statement of respondent no.01

taken by police.   The police head ­constable who had

taken   his   statement,   has   not   been   examined   by   the

claimants for the reasons best known to them. 

12. The charge­sheet also contains statement of

respondent no.02 which is alleged to have been taken

on   07­-07­-2014,   who   has   echoed   thereafter   with

claimant   no.03   Ganesh   and   then   has   stated   that

respondent   no.01   had   carried   out   repairs   to   his

motorcycle   and   then   handed   it   over   to   respondent

no.02.   Again, at the cost of repetition, it can be

said that without examining the said police constable

who had recorded statement of respondent no.02, his

statement   cannot   be   considered.     This   is   with   the

fact,   that   in   their   written   statement,   respondents

no.01 and 02 have clearly denied involvement of the

motorcycle   bearing   no.   MH­17/AY­9996   in   the   said

accident. 

13. Again,   coming   to   the   point   regarding   delay

in lodging the FIR, it can be seen that the fact of

death   of   Ratnakar   was   informed   to   police   and

thereafter enquiry under Section 174 of the Code of

Criminal Procedure was conducted wherein the inquest

panchanama was carried out and then the dead body was

sent for post mortem.  Important point to be noted is

that when on that day i.e. on the day when inquest

panchanama  was prepared, there was an opportunity to

the  claimants  or  on  behalf   of  them,  FIR  could  have

been   lodged   against   unknown   vehicle.     Same   has   not

been  done.    Whatever   FIR  has   been  lodged   on  23­-04­-

2014,   is   also   against   unknown   person.     Therefore,

this   clear   delay   in   lodging   the   FIR   and   then   not

examining the police constable who had recorded the

statements   of   respondents   no.01   and   02   or   the

Investigation   Officer,   is   required   to   be   viewed

against the claimants.  

14. No   doubt,   Motor   Vehicles   Act,   1988,   is   a

beneficial   legislation;   but   then   liberal

interpretations   and   benefit   can   be   given   when   the

accident   is   proved.     When   accident   itself   is   not

proved, though the burden was on the claimants; then

question   of   liberal   interpretation   does   not   arise.

The   point   no.   I   is,   therefore,   answered   in   the

negative.

15. As regards point no.II, in view of the fact

that the claimants had failed to prove negligence on

the part of respondent no.01, thereby involvement of

the vehicle motorcycle belonging to respondent no.02

and insured with respondent no.03, claimants are not

entitled to get compensation. 

16. There is no error either on facts or on the

point of law by the learned Tribunal in assessing the

evidence on record.  There is no merit in the present

appeal.  Hence, the first appeal is hereby dismissed.

There shall be no order as to costs.   


                          ( Smt. Vibha Kankanwadi )     

                                  JUDGE                


Print Page

No comments:

Post a Comment