LLM Practical training: Supreme court Judgments applying differential Association and Anomie Theories in Understanding Juvenile Delinquency in India

1. “Inherited Crime”: Om Prakash v. Union of India (2025)

Citation: Criminal Appeal No. 4229 of 2024 (arising from SLP(Crl.) No. 2214 of 2022)

Bench: Justices M.M. Sundresh & Aravind Kumar | Date: Jan 8, 2025

Facts:

At age 14, Om Prakash allegedly committed culpable homicide in 1994. His juvenility pleas were repeatedly rejected, and he spent 25 years imprisoned before the Supreme Court intervened.

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Revolutionary Precedent: Supreme Court Empowers Pollution Control Boards to Impose Environmental Compensation Beyond Criminal Penalties

 A Paradigm Shift in Environmental Regulatory Authority

In a landmark judgment delivered in August 2025, the Supreme Court of India in Delhi Pollution Control Committee v. Lodhi Property Co. Ltd. has fundamentally transformed the landscape of environmental regulation by empowering Pollution Control Boards to impose compensatory damages for environmental harm without requiring criminal prosecution. This decision marks a watershed moment in Indian environmental jurisprudence, establishing a clear distinction between punitive penalties and restorative environmental compensation.

The Legal Challenge: Restrictive Interpretation vs. Expansive Environmental Protection

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LLM Practical training: Six Case Studies on Administrative Authorities in Public Utilities

Here are Six recent Supreme Court case studies related to Administrative Authorities in Public Utilities in India:

Case Study 1: Supreme Court on CERC Tariff Regulations and Contractual Obligations (2025)

• Case Summary: The Supreme Court ruled on whether the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission's (CERC) 2019 Regulations capping free power supply at 13% could override pre-existing contracts allowing higher free power supply.

• Judgment: The Court held that CERC's tariff regulations do not override the Implementation Agreement allowing free power beyond 13%. The Court emphasized the sanctity of contracts and directed that the High Court should not interfere in matters exclusive to the specialized regulator (CERC).

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LLM Notes: What is basic concept of case study method in research?

 The case study method in research involves a detailed examination of a specific subject, such as an individual, group, organization, event, or phenomenon, to gain an in-depth understanding of its complexities and dynamics within a real-world context. Here's a breakdown of the basic concept:

1. : A case study is an in-depth analysis of a particular subject or situation, often focusing on real-world scenarios to explore and understand complex issues.

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